If a species is not footnoted with a number (1-18), then the specific gravity for that species has not been verified by Wagner. In most cases, with unverified species, these species have the same botanical name as the verified version but just a different common name. Many species (botanical name) in the world have many different common names. The footnote descriptions are shown at the bottom of the page.*

Wood Species Types in Alphabetical Order

To obtain the most accurate moisture content measurements with your Wagner moisture meter, you must set the meter for the correct species settings value for the species you are going to measure. For our customers' convenience, we have calibrated our meter's species settings in terms of specific gravity.*

For those instances where you need to measure moisture in a wood species that is not shown in your User’s Manual, Wagner has compiled this extensive database of wood species with their associated specific gravity values.

The sources for our database include the United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Products Laboratory.

The published specific gravity values are the average for each species. There can and will be some variability of the specific gravity (density) within any species of wood, but the average specific gravity value (again, from the most valid published sources) will provide the best settings for your Wagner moisture meter.

Common NameBotanical NameSpecific GravityVerified
Ta LoSchima wallichii0.62
TabaakAnisoptera costata0.52
TabaakAnisoptera curtisii0.52
TabacaPseudosamanea guachapele0.58
TabariCouratari pulchra0.534
Prioria copaifera0.42
Cedrela odorata0.39
Swietenia macrophylla0.47
TabebuiaTabebuia serratifolia0.994
Prioria copaifera0.42
Populus balsamifera0.34
Populus balsamifera0.34
Pterocarpus soyauxii0.64
TadiriPlanchonella euphlebia0.89
Pinus taeda0.51
TahuaTabebuia serratifolia0.994
TahuariTabebuia serratifolia0.994
TahunganHeritiera javanica0.65
Diospyros ebenum0.94
TairakAnisoptera costata0.52
TaireAnisoptera costata0.52
TairiAnisoptera costata0.52
Prioria copaifera0.42
TakhianHopea odorata0.63
Takhian ChanBalanocarpus heimii0.78
Takhian Chan Ta MaeoBalanocarpus heimii0.78
Takhian ThongHopea odorata0.63
Takhian TongHopea odorata0.63
Takhian YaiHopea odorata0.63
Takhian-TongHopea odorata0.63
TakianHopea odorata0.63
Takian-ChanBalanocarpus heimii0.78
TakienHopea odorata0.63
Takien ChanBalanocarpus heimii0.78
TaklobanErythrophloeum densiflorum0.68
Taknian Chan TamaeoBalanocarpus heimii0.78
Shorea negrosensis0.59
TakramGaruga pinnata0.51
Shorea negrosensis0.59
Pometia pinnata0.60
Pterocarpus soyauxii0.64
Pometia pinnata0.60
TalaPlanchonella euphlebia0.89
Tala KiriyaExcoecaria agallocha0.42
Pometia pinnata0.60
TalegotbonPygeum turnerianum0.44
TaligaanKoordersiodendron pinnatum0.71
TalipugudAlangium meyeri0.56
Tall AlbizziaAlbizia procera0.55
Talu-TaluDiplodiscus paniculatus0.62
TamadEschweilera sagotiana0.90
TamagaMelia azedarach0.51
TamakMitragyna parvifolia0.59
TamanouCalophyllum inophyllum0.55
TamanouCalophyllum tomentosum0.59
TamarackLarix decidua0.4814
TamarackLarix laricina0.531
Larix occidentalis0.52
Pinus contorta0.41
TamarotanTerminalia amazonia0.76
TamayaMelia azedarach0.51
TambolauMyristica buchneriana0.41
TambolauMyristica chartacea0.48
TambolauMyristica hypargyraea0.44
Tambolau Myristica sp.
0.54
Enterolobium cyclocarpum0.35
TamoFraxinus mandshurica0.63
Shorea negrosensis0.59
Shorea negrosensis0.59
TampipioCouratari pulchra0.534
TampudauAnisoptera costata0.52
TampurauAnisoptera costata0.52
Tabebuia serratifolia0.99
Pometia pinnata0.60
TananeoPeltogyne porphyrocardia0.69
TananeoPeltogyne venosa0.69
Tang HonCalophyllum inophyllum0.55
Tang HonCalophyllum tomentosum0.59
Tanganyika NussAningeria altissima0.42
Tanganyika NussAningeria dombeyi0.39
Tanganyika NussAningeria robusta0.42
TanggarisKoompassia malaccensis0.76
TangidCanangium odoratum0.28
TangigCanangium odoratum0.28
TangileShorea negrosensis0.594
TangitCanangium odoratum0.28
Ta-NichManilkara zapota0.71
TanimbucaTerminalia amazonica0.76
TanoakLithocarpus densiflorus0.642
TaoubMezilaurus navalium0.79
TapalByrsonima coriacea0.68
TapanaHieronyma alchorneoides0.58
TapanareHieronyma alchorneoides0.58
TapangKoompassia excelsa0.75
TaparaiCordia alliodora0.51
TapgamDiplodiscus paniculatus0.62
TapinhoaMezilaurus navalium0.79
TapsavaVirola koschnyi0.51
TapulanPinus merkusii0.59
TapulauPinus merkusii0.59
TarahuilcaPiptadeniastrum africanum0.63
Taraka VepaMelia azedarach0.51
TaritiIntsia bijuga0.65
TarroehaHyeronyma laxiflora0.58
TarroemaHyeronyma laxiflora0.58
TarumaVitex cofassus0.67
Platymiscium pinnatum0.87
Tashiro-MameIntsia bijuga0.65
Tasmanian BlackwoodAcacia melanoxylon0.54
Eucalyptus obliqua0.68
TatajubaBagassa guianensis0.723
Tat TalunIntsia palembanica0.65
Plathymenia reticulata0.56
Plathymenia reticulata0.56
Tato-OVitex cofassus0.67
Tat-TalunIntsia bijuga0.65
Tat-TalunIntsia palembanica0.65
TauariCouratari guianensis0.533
TauariCouratari pulchra0.534
TauariCouratari spp.0.533
TauaryCouratari pulchra0.534
Tabebuia serratifolia0.99
TaunPometia pinnata0.604
TaunPometia tomentosa0.59
Pometia pinnata0.60
Taung ThayetSwintonia sp.0.62
Nyssa sylvatica0.50
TaungsagaingTarrietia sylvatica0.82
TavaPometia pinnata0.604
TawaBeilschmiedia tawa0.623
Pometia pinnata0.60
TawaPometia spp.0.583
Pometia pinnata0.60
TawtamaCedrela toona0.47
TayawExcoecaria agallocha0.42
Tabebuia serratifolia0.99
Tabebuia serratifolia0.99
TayungDiospyros mindanaensis0.7814
TchibudimbuOxystigma oxyphyllum0.53
TchikuebiBridelia aubrevillei0.59
TchissakataDrypetes gossweileri0.63
TchitolaOxystigma oxyphyllum0.53
TeakChlorophora excelsa0.70
TeakTectona grandis
0.572
Teen NokVitex parviflora0.68
Teen-NokVitex cofassus0.67
TeinMitragyna parvifolia0.59
TeintheMitragyna parvifolia0.59
TelatIntsia bijuga0.65
Tel-KekunaAleurites moluccana0.14
TellamadiTerminalia arjuna0.71
TemaChlorophora excelsa0.70
Hymenaea courbaril0.83
TemruDiospyros celebica0.9013
TenamAnisoptera costata0.52
TenduDiospyros celebica0.9013
Diospyros ebenum0.94
TenduDiospyros melanoxylon0.67
TenduetPygeum africanum0.61
TenekAntiaris toxicaria0.35
TenetuetPygeum africanum0.61
Pometia pinnata0.60
TenuAleurites moluccana0.14
Platymiscium pinnatum0.87
TeralinHeritiera javanica0.65
TeralingHeritiera javanica0.65
TerapArtocarpus hirsuta0.52
TerbulanEndospermum macrophyllum0.41
TerentangCampnosperma brevipetiolata0.33
TerepitTetramerista glabra0.73
Tereticornis GumEucalyptus tereticornis0.82
Tete CongoEschweilera sagotiana0.90
Hura crepitans0.40
TewogboyeTerminalia ivorensis0.54
Pinus palustris0.59
ThPodocarpus neriifolia0.48
ThabyeginSyzygium buettnerianum0.73
Thai-a-DouGrewia elastica0.63
ThamayaMelia azedarach0.51
ThayetMangifera altissima0.52
ThayetMangifera indica0.53
Thayet ThitsiMelanorrhoea spp.0.75
The Eye-Blinding PlantExcoecaria agallocha0.42
ThillaExcoecaria agallocha0.42
ThingabHopea odorata0.63
ThinganHopea iriana0.80
ThinganHopea odorata0.63
Thingan ByuHopea odorata0.63
Thingan NetHopea odorata0.63
Thingan WaHopea odorata0.63
ThinsinganHopea odorata0.63
ThinwinMillettia pendula0.87
ThiteCastanopsis acuminatissima0.56
ThitkadoCedrela huberi0.404
ThitkadoCedrela toona0.47
ThitsiMelanorrhoea spp.0.75
Pterocarpus angolensis0.59
Pterocarpus angolensis0.59
ThongCampnosperma brevipetiolata0.33
ThongHopea odorata0.63
Thong MuPinus merkusii0.59
ThongbengKoompassia malaccensis0.76
ThongbuengKoompassia malaccensis0.76
Pterocarpus angolensis0.59
Thorny-LocustGleditsia triacanthos0.62
ThortIntsia bijuga0.65
ThouArtocarpus hirsuta0.52
Tiaca-IaManilkara zapota0.71
TiaongShorea negrosensis0.594
Astronium graveolens0.89
Astronium graveolens0.80
Picea sitchensis0.40
Taxodium distichum0.46
TigaTristania decorticata1.03
Pometia pinnata0.60
TigerwoodAstronium graveolens0.8919
TigerwoodAstronium graveolens0.8019
TilaiExcoecaria agallocha0.42
TilautaeaTerminalia amazonia0.76
TilautaeaTerminalia arjuna0.71
TilautaeaTerminalia ivorensis0.54
TilautaeaTerminalia procera0.54
Tileul d'AfriqueMitragyna stipulosa0.53
TilleulTilia vulgaris0.5113
TilokoenoeroeHyeronyma laxiflora0.58
Prioria copaifera0.42
TimbruniDiospyros celebica0.9013
TimmiChlorophora regia0.59
TinadanTristania decorticata1.03
TingkihAleurites moluccana0.14
TingyuPinus merkusii0.59
TinshuPinus insularis0.50
TinshuPinus merkusii0.59
TintinVochysia ferruginea0.52
TintinVochysia guianensis0.52
TinyuCasuarina equisetifolia0.87
TinyuPinus insularis0.50
TinyuPinus merkusii0.59
Cedrela odorata0.39
Pterocarpus soyauxii0.64
TjemaraCasuarina equisetifolia0.87
TjengalBalanocarpus heimii0.78
TjengalHopea odorata0.63
Tntie budimbuOxystigma oxyphyllum0.53
TntubudimbuOxystigma oxyphyllum0.53
Prunus serotina0.50
Taxodium distichum0.46
ToPiptadeniastrum africanum0.63
TobouMitragyna ciliata0.52
Juglans cinerea0.38
Juglans nigra0.55
ToduCedrela toona0.47
Toealang AjamKoompassia malaccensis0.76
ToemalingKoompassia malaccensis0.76
ToemboesCampnosperma brevipetiolata0.33
Pometia pinnata0.60
TohnCampnosperma brevipetiolata0.33
TolaBeilschmiedia mannii0.62
Tola ChimfutaOxystigma oxyphyllum0.53
Tola MafulaOxystigma oxyphyllum0.53
Tola MafutaOxystigma oxyphyllum0.53
Tola NoirOxystigma oxyphyllum0.53
Tola WalnutOxystigma oxyphyllum0.53
TolongAgathis borneensis0.41
TolongAgathis philippinensis0.33
TomPiptadeniastrum africanum0.63
Tomboiro NoirChlorophora regia0.59
Tonca BeanDipteryx odorata0.82
TongCampnosperma brevipetiolata0.33
TonkaDipteryx odorata0.82
Tonka GaiaeDipteryx odorata0.82
TonkebeanDipteryx odorata0.82
Tonquin BeanDipteryx odorata0.82
ToonCedrela huberi0.404
ToonCedrela toona0.47
ToonaCedrela toona0.47
TootiMorus alba0.60
Pinus taeda0.51
ToritoHieronyma alchorneoides0.58
TornAlbizia procera0.55
TororeMora excelsa0.89
TosIntsia bijuga0.65
ToubaouateDidelotia brevipaniculata0.54
ToumPiptadeniastrum africanum0.63
Toumbohiro NoirChlorophora excelsa0.70
TouweDidelotia brevipaniculata0.54
Terminalia superba0.40
TrainSyzygium buettnerianum0.73
Pterocarpus angolensis0.59
Hymenaea courbaril0.83
TrayungDiospyros ebenaster0.614
TrayungDiospyros inclusa0.7014
TrayungDiospyros melanoxylon0.67
TrayungDiospyros pyrrhocarpa0.6914
Platymiscium pinnatum0.87
Amburana cearensis0.58
Platymiscium pinnatum0.87
Platymiscium pinnatum0.87
Populus tremuloides0.38
Prioria copaifera0.42
Trementino AzucareroTetragastris altissima0.74
Cedrela odorata0.39
TrompilioHieronyma alchorneoides0.58
TrompilloHieronyma alchorneoides0.58
TrompilloHyeronyma laxiflora0.58
Hura crepitans0.40
Cedrela odorata0.39
Juglans cinerea0.38
Juglans nigra0.55
Buxus sempervirens0.83
True CedarCedrus libani0.5313
True MahoganySwietenia macrophylla0.472
TruongPometia pinnata0.604
TruongPometia tomentosa0.59
TsanguAntiaris toxicaria0.35
TschikueBridelia aubrevillei0.59
TseekadoCedrela toona0.47
TshabiMusanga cecropioides0.23
Tshibudimbu TshikunzeOxystigma oxyphyllum0.53
TshikalakalaMillettia laurentii0.8114
TshilombelaMusanga cecropioides0.23
TshilombelombeMusanga cecropioides0.23
TshilunguMammea africana0.69
Hymenaea courbaril0.83
TualangKoompassia excelsa0.75
TuamisIntsia bijuga0.65
TubaOxystigma oxyphyllum0.53
Tucang-CalaoAglaia gigantea0.54
Pometia pinnata0.60
Tuggan-TugganGrevillea robusta0.54
TuhidiaTerminalia ivorensis0.54
TuhidyaTerminalia ivorensis0.54
TukamAnisoptera costata0.52
Diospyros ebenum0.94
TulMorus alba0.60
TuleChlorophora excelsa0.70
Tule MufalaChlorophora excelsa0.70
Tule MufalaChlorophora regia0.59
Liriodendron tulipifera0.42
Tulipan AfricanoSpathodea campanulata0.25
Liriodendron tulipifera0.42
TulipwoodDalbergia frutescens1.0217
Liriodendron tulipifera0.42
TulkluMorus alba0.60
TuloAlphitonia philippinensis0.35
TulpenboomSpathodea campanulata0.25
TumalingKoompassia malaccensis0.76
Diospyros ebenum0.94
Diospyros ebenum0.94
Pometia pinnata0.60
TunduCedrela toona0.47
TungururietPygeum africanum0.61
TuniCedrela toona0.47
TunkiDiospyros celebica0.9013
TuntMorus alba0.60
TuntriMorus alba0.60
Nyssa aquatica0.50
Nyssa sylvatica0.50
Nyssa aquatica0.50
Nyssa sylvatica0.50
Turaka VepaMelia azedarach0.51
Buxus sempervirens0.83
Turkish BoxwoodBuxus sempervirens0.8313
Pometia pinnata0.60
Turturan BatuKoompassia malaccensis0.76
TusamPinus merkusii0.59
TutMorus alba0.60
TutriMorus alba0.60
TutuAningeria altissima0.42
TutuAningeria dombeyi0.39
TutuAningeria robusta0.42
TutubunganHeritiera javanica0.65
Pometia pinnata0.60
TuyotTetramerista glabra0.73
TwenduetPygeum africanum0.61
TwiKoordersiodendron pinnatum0.71
TzabitathManilkara zapota0.71
TzaputManilkara zapota0.71
Pometia pinnata0.60
TzicozapotlManilkara zapota0.71
Swietenia macrophylla0.47
Swietenia macrophylla0.47
Swietenia macrophylla0.47

Footnotes:

1Forest Products Laboratory Wood Handbook @ 12% MC values
2Forest Products Laboratory Wood Handbook Calculated from Green MC values by Wagner
3Forest Products Laboratory Techsheets Calculated from Green MC values by Wagner
4WoodWorkersSource Wood Library Calculated from Green MC values by Wagner
5We included Douglas-fir(Pseudotsuga menziesii) Coast (.48)*, Interior West (.50)*, Interior North (.48)*, Interior South (.46)* to come up with an average SG of (.48)* *“Coast type Douglas-fir is defined as Douglas-fir growing in the States of Oregon and Washington west of the summit of the Cascade Mountains. Interior West includes the State of California and all counties in Oregon and Washington east of but adjacent to the Cascade summit. Interior North includes the remainder of Oregon and Washington and the States of Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming.” Specific Gravity resources: * Wood Handbook page 5-7
6According to USDA Forest Service, Forest Product Laboratory, Wood Handbook 2-8, Hard maple includes sugar maple (Acer saccharum) (.63)* and black maple (A. nigrum) (.57)*.
7According to USDA Forest Service, Forest Product Laboratory, Techsheets, Red Ash includes these three subspecies Fraxinus americana (.60)*, Fraxinus pennsylvanica (.56)*, Fraxinus profunda (.51)*
8According to USDA Forest Service, Forest Product Laboratory, Wood Handbook page 2-8, Soft maple includes silver maple (Acer saccharinum) (.47)*, red maple (A. rubrum) (.54)*, bigleaf maple (A.macrophyllum) (.48)*, and boxelder (A. negundo) (.45)** Specific Gravity resources:
* Wood Handbook page 5-5
** Forest Product Laboratory Techsheet
9According to the Southern Pine Inspection Bureau (SPIB) the four main subspecies that make up the SYP category are: Longleaf, Shortleaf, Loblolly and Slash pines. The SYP mix setting (.56) was determined by taking the average of Longleaf (.59)*, Shortleaf (.51)*, Loblolly (.51)* and Slash pines (.59)* Specific Gravity resources: * Wood Handbook page 5-7 & page 5-8
10 Forest Products Laboratory Techsheets Calculated from Green MC values by Wagner applying an acceptable volumetric shrinkage approximation per USDA GTR FPL-GTL-76
11 According to Forest Products Laboratory Techsheets Guatambu grown in *Brazil has a higher specific gravity then for **Argentinean material. *Guatambu (Brazil) (Balfourodendron riedelianum)(.79) Calculated from Green MC values by Wagner. **Guatambu (Argentinean) (Balfourodendron riedelianum)(.70) Calculated from Green MC values by Wagner.
12Forest Products Laboratory Techsheets Calculated from Dry (0%) MC values by Wagner applying an acceptable volumetric shrinkage approximation per USDA GTR FPL-GTL-76
13WoodWorkersSource Wood Library Calculated from Dry (0%) MC values by Wagner applying an acceptable volumetric shrinkage approximation per USDA GTR FPL-GTL-76
14WoodWorkersSource Wood Library Calculated from Green MC values by Wagner applying an acceptable volumetric shrinkage approximation per USDA GTR FPL-GTL-76
15WoodWorkersSource Wood Library Calculated from Dry (0%) MC values by Wagner
16The Wood Database Calculated from Green MC values by Wagner
17The Wood Database Calculated from Green MC values by Wagner applying an acceptable volumetric shrinkage approximation per USDA GTR FPL-GTL-76
18Tropicaltimber Calculated from Green MC values by Wagner applying an acceptable volumetric shrinkage approximation per USDA GTR FPL-GTL-76
19According to Forest Products Laboratory Techsheets Goncalo Alves grown in *Honduras and Venezuela has a higher specific gravity then for **Brazil and Colombia material. *Goncalo Alves (Honduras and Venezuela) (Astronium graveolens)(.89) Calculated from Green MC values by Wagner. **Goncalo Alves (Brazil and Colombian) (Astronium graveolens)(.80) Calculated from Green MC values by Wagner.
 
 
* Legal disclaimer:

Wagner has compiled species’ average specific gravity (SG) values (wood volume at 12% moisture content (MC) and oven-dry weight) from industry-accepted 3rd-party sources (USDA Forest Products Laboratory as an example) and provides this list for free with no implied warranty. Where an SG value listed in Wagner Meters’ manuals or website has been verified by Wagner, this is indicated as such, and not indicated as verified if a verification process has not been completed by Wagner for that species. Wagner is not responsible for any 3rd-party oversights or errors in their (the 3rd-parties) published SG values.

Where no published average SG value could be found for a species for the wood volume at 12% MC and oven-dry weight basis, Wagner has derived the proper SG value through a robust algorithm (see detailed explanation below under the heading ‘Specific Gravity (SG) Values of Wood and Their Referenced Moisture Content’).
 


 
Specific Gravity (SG) Values of Wood and Their Referenced Moisture Content

 

Wagner Meters’ moisture meters’ species settings are calibrated to wood samples that are at a nominal 12% moisture content (MC). It should also be recognized that the measurement accuracy of non-pin wood moisture meters is almost solely dependent on wood density; that is because wood species that have differing wood density but the same absolute amount of water will have different MC values because the definition of MC is the ratio of water weight to wood weight. Some online and other technical references that cite specific gravity (SG) values for different wood species list the SG when the wood is a different MC other than 12%. For example, some SG values listed are the values when the wood is dried all the way down to where the MC is actually zero. Other listed values are when the wood is “green” at perhaps 80% MC or even higher.

The reason that it matters what the MC was when the SG was determined is that the volume of a wood sample will shrink when it is dried down from high MC values to lower MC values. So as the volume of the wood sample shrinks, the density (SG) of the wood increases because the formula for the wood density is the weight of the wood sample divided by the volume of the wood sample, or more simply the ratio of the weight of the wood to its volume. As the weight stays the same during shrinkage, the volume decreases. Online and other references will not only provide SG values at some specific MC but also their “shrinkage ratio”. The shrinkage ratio is defined to be the percent of the volume of the wood that shrinks per decrease in MC value. For instance, one might see a 2% shrinkage ratio which means that for every 1% drop in MC the wood will shrink by 2% of its volume.

Wagner chose to calibrate its meters at a nominal 12% MC because this is close to where most wood will be in service and will be measured by our meters. Therefore we publish SG values for wood species to be used by our meters that correlate to a 12% MC value. Since online and other references publish SG values at sometimes 0% MC or “green” MC, you will often see different values online than what we publish. We correct these published values by applying correction factors based on MC at referenced SG values and shrinkage ratio published values. It should be noted that a wood sample will not begin shrinking significantly until the MC drops below fiber saturation point, which is generally between 28% and 32%, so we use 30% as the average fiber saturation point.

As an example, let’s say we have a published SG value of 0.50 referenced to 0% MC with a shrinkage ratio of 0.1% of volume per percent MC. We want to convert to an SG value referenced to 12% MC. A sample at 12 % MC will be 1.2% larger in volume (swells 12 * 0.1%). Since 0.50 equals the weight of the sample divided by volume, we now know the volume will actually be 1.2% larger, so the SG should be adjusted by a factor of 1 divided by (1 + 1.2%) or 1 divided by (1.012) = 0.50/1.012 = 0.49). So, in this specific case, the 12 % MC referenced SG value will be slightly less than the published value referenced at 0% MC.